# Voltage drop on lines

Online calculators and formulas for calculating the voltage loss of a line

## Calculate loss voltage of a line

The voltage drop of an electrical line is calculated on this page. To do this, the input voltage, the current, the simple cable length and the cable cross-section must be specified.

A phase shift in the case of inductive loading can be specified as an option. A value of 1 is preset for Cos φ for ohmic load and direct current.

The specific resistance or the conductance can be specified for the material of the conductor. The following table contains the most common values of the conductance.

#### Conductance

Copper 56.0
Silver 62.5
Aluminium 35.0

For a list of other specific resistances and conductance values click here.

## Online calculators

Applied voltage in V
 V
Current in A.
 A
Single length of line
 m
Cross-section in mm2
 mm2
Cos φ

Enter one of the two values:

Specific resistance
 Ω
or conductance
 S

Voltage drop
Useful voltage
Loss of voltage
Line resistance

Decimal places

## Formulas for calculation

### Calculate the resistance of a conductor

$$\displaystyle R=\frac{ρ · l}{A}$$
$$\displaystyle R=\frac{l}{σ · A}$$

### Total resistance of the line

$$\displaystyle R=2 ·\frac{ρ · l}{A}$$
$$\displaystyle R=2 ·\frac{l}{σ · A}$$

### Calculate the line voltage drop

$$\displaystyle ΔU=2 ·\frac{l}{σ · A}· I · Cos φ$$

### Line voltage loss in %

$$\displaystyle Δu=\frac{ΔU}{Un} ·100 \%$$

### Legend

$$\displaystyle A$$ cross-section

$$\displaystyle l$$  length

$$\displaystyle R$$ Resistance of the line

$$\displaystyle ρ$$ Specific resistance

$$\displaystyle σ$$Specific conductance

$$\displaystyle Un$$ Nominal voltage (input)

$$\displaystyle ΔU$$ Loss voltage